Maid Marian is a comparatively late addition to the legend, the legend of Robin and Marian originated in thirteenth-century France and Marion was later imported into the English legends in the fifteenth century. According to recorded accounts, Robert may have become an outlaw due to his support for Thomas, Earl of Lancaster in his rebellion against King Edward II.
Robin hood the legend of sherwood series#
In 1850, a historical document was uncovered which related the deeds of a forester, Robert Hood, who was born at Loxley who committed a series of minor offences, one of which was petty theft. These literary references contain no reference that places Robin Hood in the reign of King John, the only king mentioned in them is Edward II, probably refering to a visit by Edward to Nottingham in 1324. These are found in the tales of Robin Hood and the Monk (c.1450) The Lyttle Geste of Robyn Hode (written down c.1492-1510, but probably composed c.1400) and the C17th Percy Folio, which contains three C15th stories, Robin Hood his Death, Robin Hood and Guy of Gisborne and Robin Hood and the Curtal Friar. The first literary reference to Robin Hood comes from a passing reference in Piers Plowman, written down around 1377, and the main body of tales date from the fifteenth century. According to local folklore, it was Robin Hood's principal shelter, where he and his merry men slept.
An ancient oak tree known as the Major Oak estimated to be about 800-1000 years old and with a girth of 35 feet, stands near the village of Edwinstowe in the heart of the forest. Sherwood also contained three Royal deer parks, near Nottingham Castle, Bestwood and Pittance Park. Medieval Sherwood was not a continuous swathe of dense virgin forest, it consisted of birch and oak woodland, interspersed with large areas of open heath and rough grassland. The ruins of King John's hunting lodge is still visible near the village of Kings Clipstone in Nottinghamshire. Sherwood Forest became a royal hunting forest after the Norman conquest of 1066, the Domesday Book in 1086 recorded that Sherwood Forest covered most of Nottinghamshire above the River Trent and was popular with many of the Plantagenet kings, particularly King John and Edward I. Clearly, the clerk was aware of the legend and equated the name of Robin Hood with outlawry. William son of Robert and William Robehod were the same man, it seems the clerk during his transcription had changed the name. The roll of the Justices in Eyre in Berkshire in 1261, in which a criminal gang is outlawed, including William son of Robert le Fevere, whose chattels were seized, apparently without warrant, by the prior of Sandleford. The King's Remembrancer's Memoranda Roll of Easter 1262 records the pardoning of the prior of Sandleford for seizing without warrant the chattels of one William Robehod, a fugitive. De Kyme is said to have held lands that had been taken by the Earl of Huntington and retreated to the forest to plot his revenge. The Saxon de Kyme was outlawed in 1226 for robbing the King and disturbing the peace. It appears most likely that several different outlaws built upon the reputation of a fugitive in the forest, and over time, the legend was born, as early as the thirteenth century, Robin Hood had become a common epithet for criminals.Īnother possible candidate for the real Robin Hood is Robert de Kyme. In 1266 the Sherrif of Nottingham, William de Grey, was in conflict with outlaws in Sherwood Forest. In the following year the assizes referred to him again as "Robinhud", a bounty was placed on his head of 32 shillings and 6 pence.īy the year 1300 at least 8 people were called Robin Hood and at least 5 of which were fugitives from the law. for the chattels of one Robert Hod, fugitive. Penalties were recorded in the Michaelmas roll of the Exchequer, they included 32s. Robin Hood Statue, Nottinghamĭocumentary proof survives in the Court records of the York Assizes of 25th July 1225, which refer to a "Robert Hod".
Two other outlaws who operated at this time, Fulk fitzWarin and Eustace the Monk, were historical figures whose lives can be identified, Robin Hood himself presents more of a problem and the lines between fact and fiction, have become irrevocably blurred in the proceeding 800 years.
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